Pump



C. B. KIRKHAM.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 5, I918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

vwemro'o CHARLES S. KIRKHAM c. B. KIRKHAM. PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 5. 191 8- mama? 2 SHEETS-SHEET v wemrozCHARLEZ') 5 KIRKHAM Patented Aug. 9, 1921. y

FATEN? EFFEQ.

CHARLES B. KIRKHAM, 0F NASSAU BOULEVARD, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO CUB/BESS AEROPLANE AND IMOTOB CORPORATION, A CORPORA-TION OF NEW YORK.

PUMP.

Specification of Letters'latent.

Patented Aug. 9, 19211..

()riginal application filed. September 27, 1916, Serial No. 122,439.Divided and this application filed September 5, 1918.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHAnLns B. KIRKi-IAM, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Nassau Boulevard, in the county of Nassau and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps,of which the following is a specification.

This application is a division of my application filed Sept. 27,191$,Serial #122,439, motor cooling system, which in turn is a divisionof my application, Serial #51480, filed Sept. 28, 1915.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and has referencemore partic ularly to an improved cooling system designed for use inconnection with V-type motors as constructed for high speed service inconjunction with aircraft. Motors of this type must have an ample watercirculation to prevent the overheating of tie engine cylinders.

Previous cooling systems, in so far as I am aware, operate to force thewater or other cooling agent through a single main conduit. From thisconduit, branch conduits lead to each cylinder bank and ultimately toeach cylinder. The cooling agent travels in but a single maincirculatory path. Such an arrangement not only results in retardation ofthe flow but necessitates the employment of a comparatively powerfulpump because of the accumulated skin friction be tween thecooling agentand the circuit conduits. Moreover, should the flow of the cooling agentbe interrupted or retarded at anypoint, the system in its entirety isimmediately impaired. Absolutely no provision is made for anuninterrupted flow of the cooling agent through one bank of cylindersshould the How in the other bank of cylinders cease. 1

From the foregoing brief summary, it is apparent that each cylinder bankrequires an individual service, i. e.,a cooling system dependent upon apump of duplex characteristics which permits individual service of thecylinder banks without duplication of service pipe, pump elements orsimilar circuit Serial No. 252,716.

parts and at the same time permits uninterrupted circulation of waterthrough one bankcf cylinders even should the water circulating throughthe other bank of cylinders be interrupted or stopped.

More specifically, it is proposed by the present invention to provide apump, the main operating element of which is in the nature of a doubleimpeller so arranged with respect to the pump casing or housing as toindependently circulate the cooling agent (in the present instance) viatwo circulatory paths.

Another and important object of this in vention is to so construct andassemble the various pump elements as to provide for a reverse operationof the pump, should the motor bereversed, by simply reversing orrearranging certain of the various pump elements or parts.

in describing my invention in detail, reference will be had to theaccompanying drawings wherein like characters of reference designatelike or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which:

Figure 1 is a face view of my improved duplex pump illustrating thepreferred arrangement of the leads respectively thereto and therefrom;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pump and its directlyassociated driving means;

Fig. 3 is in the nature of a diagrammatic view illustrating thearrangement of the independent circulatory paths of my improved coolingsystem as arranged upon a multicylinder t -type motor;

Fig. i is a diagrammatic view similar to Fig. 3 illustrating thearrangement of pump parts reversed;

Fig. 5 is a detail and elevation of the pump casing;

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view of the in side pump cover plate andits associated integrally formed support;

Fig. 7 is an elevation of the impeller;

Fig. 8 is an inside face view of the cover plate casting illustrated inFig. 5, and

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 99, Fig. 1.

" shaft, a camshaft, and pistons which are adapted to operate in therespective-cylinders in quite the usual manner. Appropriate inlet andexhaust valve operat? ing mechanism may be also included with p theelements above noted as essential to the proper operation of the motor.So much of the motor as I have thus generally described may bedesignated in its entirety by the numeral 10.

,municating therewith.

- opposed or oppositely extending The foregoing details orcharacteristics may be readily changed in any particular manner notconflicting with the "application of this invention thereto since it isthe purpose of the invention to adapt an explosion engine having thesegeneral characteristics to the high speed demands of aeronautical workby providing'an adequate water cooling system. This system generally.contemplates the individual service of theopposed cylinder banks andsecures such service from a singlepump duplex'in form.

The pump casing 11 is of the general shape best illustrated in Fig. 2,including a hollow body and a pair of inlet tubes 1200mbody is rotatablymounted an impeller. 13

comprising a disk ll having its lateral faces formed with curvedradially staggered vanes 15. The body of the pump is ofa constructionaffording a pair of pump chambers adaptedto be partially separated by anin- .teriorly located annular flange 16 and to be completely separatedby the impeller disk 14, the, disk acting in conjunction with the flangeto prevent communication between the chambers even during rotation ofthe impeller. With each of these chambers there connects one of theinlets 12 as'well as outlets 1 7. The outlets extend laterally part wayaround the pump casing to a point on a linetangentially thereto or asillus trated to advantage in Fig. 1. A two-way or double elbow 17 islocated at the-adjacent outlet terminals to engage with thefeed-conduits later to be described. 7

Each of the cylinders of the engine is provided with a water jacketwhich is spaced from its cylinder in any desirable manner, completelyinclosing the explosion chamber thereof. The lowest point in each 'waterjacket, is connected directly to a manifold 18 servingthe bank towhich'the cylinder belongs, such. manifold connecting,

obviously, to one of the. pump outlets 17.

Oppositely extending conduits l9 afford the connecting means. From thehighest point of each jacket, and diametrically opposite,

Within the pump a branch pipe leads, the pipes collectively serving toreturn the cooling agent, via the manifold '20, the radiator (not shown)and a return conduit 21, to the pump casing where it is again andcontinuously circulated in the paths thus defined.

The impeller 13 is keyed upon a shaft 22 and adapted to be actuatedthrough the medium of a gear 23 mounted on this shaft to intermesh witha crank shaft gear (undisclosed) which is the lowermost element of atrain of gears located at the fOrWard or front end of the motor. WVhilethis drive arrang ment. is probab y themost compact that could beconstructed for the manifold requirements, it will be apparent that anydesirable drive means for the pump can be used. 7

More specifically, the pump casing 11 may be described as comprising abody member 24 and cover plates 25 and 26, the plates engaging with thebody member 24. after the manner illustrated in Fig. 2. The inside coverplate 26 has an integrally cast shell 27 formed thereon. The shell orsupport, as it may be more properly termed, is of a size and shape incross section to completely embrace the pump shaft 221 and a packinggland 28 mounted adjacent the outer end of the said shaft at a pointwhere the shaft penetrates the inner pump casing cover plate 26. Infact, the shell or support 27 is cut away as' indicated at 29. thataccess may be gainedto the. packing gland 28 when required.

Ears '30., preferably three in number, are formedupon the support. 27 toengage with the end crank case cover of the motor des ignated 31. Bolts32. are utilized topene trate the ears 3.0. and the crank case cover 31to afford a positive fastening 'meansfor the support and thepump casingcarried thereby. This'construction will eliminate the use ofunnecessarily long bolts and yet provide for proper spacing of the pumpaway from the crank case cover. It is essential that the pump bethusspaced in order that the inlet 12 located at the inner side of the pumpmay extend therefrom after the fashion disclosed. Bearingsof'anappropriate design engage with the shaft 22.

By reference tothe diagrammatic view Fig. 4, it will be noted thatjtheconduit 19 i and the double-elbow 17 have been reversed. This reversiblefeature is, I believe, essentially novel. 'VVi-thout the introduction ofa single new element and by simply re-arranging certain of the componentpump parts the operationv of the pump may be quickly and completelyreversed. In obtaining a reverse operationof the pump it is butnecespeller 13. This rearrangement of parts, (assuming, of course.'thatthe motor has been reversed) will, without alteration, completely andeffectually reverse the operation of the pump. It is to secure thisessential feature that the front cover 25 and the body 94 are madeseparate. Were the motor reversed and the pump parts unchanged asregards arrangement, the cooling agent, while active in so far ascirculation is concerned. would circulate in a direction exactlyopposite to that required. The parts enumerated only need be reversed.

In practice, the cooling agent is indrawn at opposite sides of theimpeller disk into the pump casing and expelled therefrom by the actionof the impeller. From the pump casing, the cooling agent travels in acirculatory path through the conduits 19, the manifolds 18, the cylinderwater ackets, the manifolds 20, the radiator and the conduits 21 in theorder named, the conduits 21 returning the cooling agent again to thepump casing for continued circulation after the manner disclosed. Bydividing the pump casing interiorly, two independent yet correlatedcircuits are in evidence. The circuits in a sense act conjointly byreason of the utilization of but a single pump structure yet actuallyoperate independently in that the cooling agent circulated for coolingeach bank of cylinders travels in a distinct and non-communicating path.As suggestec, should the w.ter flow of one circuit be interrupted, orchecked, the water flow in the other circuit will be in nowise affected.Even should the impeller at one side of the disk 1 1 be impaired, thecirculation occasioned by continued rotation of the remaining activeportion of the propeller would continue.

The advantages of a cooling system such as that described are believedto be evident from the fact that each cylinder bank is given a betterservice and a more direct service, while at the same time the number ofpumps is not increased owing to the fact that the pump casing isprovided with a similar pair each of inlets and outlets whichrespectively communicate with the opposed chambers, the inlets centrallyof the pump casing and at opposite sides thereof and the outletslaterally of the pump casing and in a sense circumferentially ortangentially thereof. The location of the outlets with respect to thepump casing is such as to enable the pump to centrifugally expel thewater via the conduits 19. T o drain the pump casing a single plug 33 isprovided, the plug engaging at the lower end of the pump casing with theflange 16, the said flange affording an abutment whereby adjustment ofthe plug is limited. By removing the plug both sections or chambers ofthe pump casing may be effectually drained.

Although I have described more or less precise forms and details ofstructure, I do not intend to be understood as limiting myself theretoas I contemplate changes in form, the proportion of parts and thesubstitution of equivalents as circumstances may suggest or renderexpedient and without departing from the spirit of the invention asclaimed.

What is claimed is:

1. A duplex pump including a body, a central inwardly extending flangepartially separating the body into chambers, an impeller rotatablyalined with the flange to complete separation of said chambers, vanescarried by said impeller to project into each chamber, and an inlet anda circuit outlet separably communicating with each of said chambers.

2. A duplex pump including a body, a central annular inwardly extendingflange partially separating the body into opposed chambers, opposed pumpcasing sections affording with said body a housing, an impellerrotatably alined with the flange to complete separation of said chambersinteriorly of said housing, vanes carried by said impeller to projectlaterally into each chamber, and an inlet and a circuit outlet separablycommunicating with each of said chambers.

3. In a duplex pump, the combination of a body,'an impeller constitutingwith associated means a partition for separating said body into twochambers, vanes carried by said impeller to project into each chamber,an inlet and an outlet separately communicating with each of saidchambers, and a drain plug located intermediate the chambers for removalin draining the chambers as a unit.

4-. A pump including a sectional pump casing having one of its sectionsfixed and the other reversible with respect to the easing support, andcirculation induction means reversible within said casing to actconjointly with said reversible casing section in obtaining a completereversal of the pump without altering the structure of or reversing theposition of other and different parts of the pump.

5. A pump comprising a pump shaft and impeller reversibly mounted onsaid shaft, said impeller comprising a central partition disk andimpeller blades carried by said disk, a casing for said impeller, saidcasing having a central casing section enveloping said impeller and saidcentral casing section having outlets communicating respectively withthe pump chambers and being reversibly mounted in its supports foradaptation to the reversible impeller for the purpose set forth.

6. A duplex pump including a sectional pump casing having one of itssections fixed and the other reversible With respect to the casingsupport, and circulation induction means of a construction such that thecasing is divided'into separate .chambers, the induction means beingreversible Within said casing to act conjointly with said reversiblecasing in obtaining a complete reversal of signature.

CHARLES B. KIRKHAM.

